Elies Wiesel And Night :: essays research papers

Elie's Wiesel and Night Do you see that smokestack over yonder? See it? Do you see those flares? Over yonder that is the place you will be taken. That is your grave, over yonder. Haven't you understand it yet? You imbecilic mongrels, don't you get anything? You're going to be singed. Frizzed away. Transformed into cinders. Night is one of the perfect works of art of Holocaust writing. It is the personal record of a juvenile kid and his dad in Auschwitz. Elie Wiesel composes of their fight for endurance, and with his fight with God for a approach to comprehend the wanton brutality he saw every day. Elie Wiesel was conceived in a little, calm town called Sighet, in transylvania where he had carried on with the entirety of his young life. Calm until the 1940's, the point at which the city, what's more, squeeze himself charged for ever, similarly as Europe, and so far as that is concerned the world. One day they ousted all the outsiders of the city, and Wiesels ace in the investigation of cabbala (Jewish magic) of an outsider so he was removed as well. The deportees were before long overlooked, he composes. Anyway a couple of lines later he clarifies why this is pertinent, and gives the peruser a thought of what was happening in the brains of the jews living where he did. He recounted to his story (alluding to the ousted Rabbi) and that of his buddies. The train loaded with deportees had crossed the Hungarian wilderness and on Polish domain had been taken in control by the Gestapo. The jews needed to get out and move into lorries. The lorries dove towards a woodland. The jews were made to get out. They were made to burrow enormous graves. Also, when they had completed their work, the Gestapo started theirs. Without enthusiasm, without taste, they butchered their

Educational Psychology and Assessment free essay sample

Depict key evaluation strategies and clarify when you would utilize every one, featuring upsides and downsides of each approach. Appraisal strategies are introductory evaluation, developmental evaluation, summative appraisal, peer appraisal and symptomatic evaluation. From the outset as an instructor I will take introductory evaluation to know the capacities, styles and needs of the students. At that point I will utilize developmental appraisal to realize the students view and questions about their course and again I will utilize developmental evaluation during the meeting to think about the students. After this I will take summative evaluation to know the aftereffect of the workers and finally again I will take starting appraisal to check the degree of the students. Clarify starting appraisal and the job it has on learning programs. Starting appraisal is a procedure to comprehend the adapting needs earlier information and learning styles of the student. It helps in arranging the meeting as indicated by the students necessity. We will compose a custom paper test on Instructive Psychology and Assessment or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It assumes an essential job to get some answers concerning the students. It will help distinguish a students abilities against a level or levels inside the national principles. Students may have various degrees of perusing, composing, numeracy and language expertise. Introductory evaluation is frequently used to help place students in fitting learning programs. It is typically trailed by definite analytic evaluation. Clarify the distinction among developmental and summative appraisal and how you will fuse both summative and developmental evaluation into your training. Developmental evaluation helps both the student and the instructor to survey progress and is a focal piece of learning process. It happens during the meeting or between the meetings. It enables the students and the instructors to recognize progress corresponding to the figuring out how to design. Progress ought to be recorded and new learning objectives distinguished. As an instructor I should apply developmental evaluation to realize the students perspectives and questions about their course and this will make me to develop affinity with the students. Summative evaluation gives proof of what a student has accomplished toward the finish of every meeting. It gives input to the student and the instructor on accomplishment in the connection to the gauges and educational program archives. Summative evaluation may appear as a record of accomplishment, a unit of capability, an entire capability or test. Instructive Psychology and Assessment By birnarma

Monroe

Monroe Monroe. 1 Industrial city (1990 pop. 54,909), seat of Ouachita parish, SE La., on the Ouachita River; founded c.1785, inc. as a city 1900. The center of the great Monroe Natural Gas Field (discovered 1915), it has important chemical plants, as well as pulp, paper, and lumber mills. Automotive parts are also manufactured. The first settlers founded (c.1785) Fort Miró. The community was renamed in 1819 after the James Monroe, the first steamship to come up the Ouachita. The Univ. of Louisiana at Monroe and the Masur Museum of Art are in the city. Antebellum houses remain. 2 City (1990 pop. 22,902), seat of Monroe co., SE Mich., on Lake Erie; settled 1778, inc. 1837. Paper products, heating equipment, plastic tubing, flour, and auto parts are produced. The city has large nurseries and is the shipping point for a farm region. Monroe was the scene of the River Raisin massacre during the War of 1812 and the center of the Toledo War (see Toledo , Ohio). George A. Custer live d there, and the local museum has a large collection of Custer memorabilia. 3 City (1990 pop. 16,127), seat of Union co., S N.C., in the Piedmont; settled 1751, inc. 1844. It has diverse agriculture, and poultry is processed. Industries include metal fabrication and casting and the manufacture of textiles and apparel, plastic and stone products, pharmaceuticals, industrial machinery, lighting fixtures, and aviation and electronic equipment. Wingate Univ. is in nearby Wingate. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

Parents And Guardians Responsibility For Their Children’S

Parents and Guardians Responsibility for their Children’s Crime Many children tend to break the law, especially in our generation today in 2000’s. These children commit crimes like vandalism, underage drinking, and possession and under the influence of drugs. Some perform more serious crimes like driving without license, stealing, breaking into a house, rape, and even murder. The parents are mostly held responsible for the crime their children committed, especially when their kids are fined or when called to court for the trial of the crime committed by their children. Based on nij.gov, all children are capable breaking the law in some ways, but adolescents 13-16 years old are the ones who tend to break more laws. Most of these†¦show more content†¦The parents that are held responsible for their children’s crimes are maybe fined, get the damage repaired, or sent to jail. Most parents might be able to discipline their kids from time to time, but there are also quite several parents that can’t handle their kids on their own especially if they are single parents or having family problems. Parents might be a huge influence to their kids. Even their judgement of right and wrong is usually influenced by their parents and the way they’re raised, children are still capable of doing crimes even if they know that it is wrong. In 2008, Araluen MLA Jodeen Carney stated that â€Å"The legislation is failing on its promise to reduce youth crime and hold parents responsible for the action of their children.† In the same article, she also said that the parent’s responsibility for the crime of their kids will have a small effect on lessening youth crimes. There are many laws that are being passed regarding on parent’s responsibility for their children’s crimes. In an article from Northern Territory News, stated that â€Å"Parents of children who offend will be asked to sign family responsibility agreement s with penalties of up to $2200. After an agreement is breached, a court can impose a family responsibility order.† This quotation shows on how much can the parents of a child that commit a crime can be punished. TheShow MoreRelatedEssay On Licensing Program Plan1720 Words   |  7 Pageschildren Mixed age group 2 1/2 years to 6 years 20 children 7.702.101 Childrens Records The Child Development center must sustain and inform yearly a record on each child that contains: 1. The childs full name, birth date, current address, and date of enrollment. 2. Names and home and employment addresses and telephone numbers of parents or guardians. 3. Any different directions as to how the parents or guardians can be contacted childcare hours. 4. Names, addresses, and telephone numbersRead MoreCache Level 3 Diploma for the Children and Young Peoples Workforce (Qcf) England1555 Words   |  7 Pagesimplementing duty care in health, social care or children’s and young people settings  Ã‚   Unit number:  SHC 32  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Unit reference:  R/601/1429      Unit level:  3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Unit credit level value:  3      |  Name:   |Annam  Khan   |Today’s date:   |   |    1. Understand what is required for work competence in own work role.   1.  Describe the duties and responsibilities of own work role.      2. Explain expectationsRead MoreShameless Case Study : Case Conceptualization : Shameless817 Words   |  4 Pageseldest sister who has taken the role as the parent of the family since she was 14-years-old, Philip, the eldest brother who is currently in treatment for alcohol use, Ian, a 17-year-old homosexual who is currently receiving treatment for a Bipolar Disorder, Debbie, Carl, a 13-year-old who is currently in a juvenile detention center for selling drugs, and Liam, a six-year-old adopted child. The Gallagher parents have not been in present in the children’s lives for about six years. However, Frank, theRead MoreMy Overarching Philosophy Of Education898 Words   |  4 Pagessimple one: intentional inclusion of everyone and creating a safe haven for all students. In order to accomplish this, the teacher should have a clear understanding of the goal of education, the role of the teacher, responsibilities of the students, roles and opportunities among parents and communi ty member, and the power of knowledge. Because I believe that the goal of education is to give equal opportunity to everyone, I believe strongly in public education. We are all born into families and circumstancesRead MoreThe Center s Purpose And Its Philosophy On The Care Of Our Children1194 Words   |  5 PagesCenter s purpose and its philosophy on the care of our children’s 7.702.41 A The United Nation Daycare Center provide the developmentally appropriate balance of learning and play to prepare children for kindergarten and beyond. Our skilled, dedicated teachers and staff create a safe, nurturing environment. Our curriculum creates a strong educational foundation and helps build social skills, community awareness and self-confidence. We involve parents to their child’s classroom to experiences throughRead MoreThe Aggregate Group: Children and Adolescents Essay1122 Words   |  5 Pagesfound that one-to-one contact between the adolescent’s parent or guardian could be an effective and useful tool (Burrus et al., 2012). Responsibility Responsibility for this aggregate group begins with the parent or guardian. How healthy is the woman that has conceived the child; what kind of environment will that child be raised. What happens when the parent or guardian needs help in health prevention or risky behaviors? The parent or guardian, the community, the schools, government and the communityRead MoreWe Must Prevent Child Abuse1391 Words   |  6 PagesWhile the United States government focuses their attention mainly on the economy and foreign affairs, the issue of protecting children from abuse and neglect is an ongoing struggle that needs to be more acknowledged. There are many aspects to being a parent and the parental role includes the legal authority to make choices for the child. Along with this control comes the duty to nurture and protect them. Children should have the rights to basic necessities such as a safe place to live and sustenanceRead MoreChildren s Hospital Central Californi Agency Presentation1158 Words   |  5 PagesChildren’s Hospital Central California: Agency Presentation The Children’s Hospital of Central California (CHCC) is one of the nation’s largest pediatric hospitals; CCHC not only provides great quality healthcare for pediatrics but also caters and cares for children from pre-birth all the way until their young adulthood stage of life. CHCC is a nonprofit healthcare network that specializes in medical and surgical services to help care for common to rare health conditions. Children’s Hospital providesRead More The Allocating of a ‘Named Person for Every Child in Scotland1664 Words   |  7 Pagesapproach outlines ten core components and a set of values and principles, which convey clarification and purpose at a practical level of collaborative working throughout childrens services (Scottish Executive, 2010). The safeguarding of children is a crucial part of the approach and is also a nationwide, inter-agency responsibility. It applies to every child, with a range of needs. Well-defined measures are constantly required to direct immediate action to guard children. The children and young peoplesRead MoreThe Media’s Decreasing Morals As Seen Through Television Essay1334 Words   |  6 Pageschildren. There have been advances in technology attempting to stop the violence from entering households with children. However it is still the responsibility of the media and the television industry to control the amount of immoral content shown on the air. While the media is only keeping up with the public’s distasteful demands, it has a responsibility to restrain the amount of offensive content because of the effect it is having on today’s audiences. Consider the trajectory of sitcoms: strong

The Pain Of The Form-, Beloved, And Man s Search For...

Suffering —regardless of the form— has the ability to mentally and physically destroy an individual. One cannot measure the amount of pain an individual has sustained, but each person’s meaning of life can be easily observed. Despite death being the ending result of life, one can either dwell on this ending result or live in the here and now—making the best of every situation for a happier outcome. When asked by a doctor to describe the pain on a scale from one to ten, one individual may consider the loss of a loved one to be a ten, while an individual who has been deprived of food and shelter for many years may describe the pain as a five. This concludes that one person’s ten is no greater than another person’s one. Although each individual experiences different circumstances in a lifetime, one can only measure based off his or her most vulnerable moments. As described throughout the books Civilization and its Discontents, Beloved, and Manâ €™s Search for Meaning, the only difference is an individual’s view on life—or what he or she wishes to gain from it. Sigmund Freud—the author of Civilization and its Discontents—explains that suffering can be the result of three main influences: one’s own body— a direct correlation of internal happiness, the external world— one’s surroundings and current state of being, and one’s relations to other men— which can be both hazardous or beneficial to life itself. Freedom exists in all three books as something that is hoped for by anShow MoreRelatedEdgar Allen Poe s Tales Of Terror And The Raven Essay1434 Words   |  6 PagesAllen Poe s Tales of Terror and The Raven The film of chosen I decided upon was Edgar Allen Poe s Tales of Terror, and the reading I choose was Edgar Allen Poe s famous The Raven. Both the film and the writing included a common theme of death and tragedy. The film was separated into three different tales, while all three-tales had a very different story line they all included the common theme I stated above. In the film, I also concluded that for each action there was a reaction, meaning each badRead MoreLife, Poetry, And Death1467 Words   |  6 PagesRobert Lowell, and Anne Sexton. Confessional poetry is a poetic movement that emerged in the U.S. in the 50s and 60s. It s a very personal or I poetry. The content of the poems is eminently autobiographical, the intimate and sometimes unflattering information about the details of the poet s personal life, such as mental illness, sexuality or despair (A Brief Guide). Sylvia Plath s poems are influenced by the crucial events of his life, such as, Daddy, Lady Lazarus, and â₠¬Å"Full Fathom Five whereRead MoreThe Effect the Theft of Colonizers Had Phisically and Spiritually on Post-Colonial Authors and Literature1582 Words   |  6 Pageswill rain today†¦.the land will explode’. There always seems to be a prophetic awakening with Darwish, who struggled to see optimism after the Oslo Accords of ‘93. Migration and exile are difficult to live with, let alone write about. ‘The struggle of man against power,’ Kundera wrote, ‘is the struggle of memory against forgetting’. How could one forget the land one was forced out of, or forget ones severed roots? I wonder if Darwish knew how he politically mobilized the masses through his works or howRead MoreEssay on Santiago as Code Hero in The Old Man and the Sea1619 Words   |  7 Pages In Ernest Hemingway’s novel, The Old Man and the Sea, Santiago demonstrates the traits of the code hero. The Hemingway’s code hero covers the principal ideals of honor, courage, and endurance in a misfortune life. Throughout the novel, Santiago shows a contrast between opposite attitudes and values which associate his behavior with the guidelines of the code. In this case, the depiction of conflicting values, such as dignity despite humility, perseverance despite despair, and victory despite defeatRead MorePastoral Analysis Of John Milton s Lycidas 2885 Words   |  12 PagesBoys in his will wrote that Orlando and Jaques should be educated as Oliver becomes the guardian of both. Oliver gave schooling to Jaques but provided only poor education to Orlando, he ask for the money which his father has left for him but Oliver s replies what would you do when you will spend all your money ,would you then beg. Adam, servant of Sir Rowland de Boys tries to stop them but Oliver in angry mind says to Adam, you old dog you should also leave when Orlando would be leaving. Adam emotionallyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Star Of The Show 3000 Words   |  12 Pages This topic is divided into four scene but this poem is all about the beauty sacrifises of urn . In this poem the star of the show is URN. keats describing the beauty of urn in different ways. In the poem speaker is saying that it s a married pride but still virgin. Then the poet looks more closely at the specific scenes depicted on its sides. He praises its shape but disses its overwrought decoration. Finally, he treats it like a sage with wisdom to impart. THE FIRST SCENE:Read MoreThe Rude Awakening By Mary Shelley2059 Words   |  9 Pagesin 1800’s lived in a segregated feminist culture constrained to constrict of society standards. Many women longed for liberated lives in order to be able to contribute to art and literature, as men did. Janet Horowitz Murray writes a review of Shelley’s Frankenstein in her article named â€Å"My Monster, Myself†, she adds her interpretation stating, â€Å"Mary Shelley s is the story of a woman who tried to live out a feminist vision of womanly dignity and freedom of choice - her dead mother s vision -Read MoreThe Scarlet Letter And Modern Relevance2079 Words   |  9 Pagestime of the 1600’s and although the book seems outdated and obsolete, the ideas inside are still relevant and therefore high school students should continue to read this work of literature. The obligation for individuals to conform to society or face the consequences is unjust. In the book, Hester Prynne experiences the fight between her own personal desires and the mold of what society wants her to be. She ends up following her self interests and commits adultery with the beloved reverend of theRead More The Life and Styles of Pablo Picasso Essay3395 Words   |  14 Pagestyranny of the laws of the tangible world, to fly beyond all the degradations of the lie, the stupidity of criticism, towards that total freedom which inspired his youth. As Barnes notes, Cubism was an art that concentrated on forms, and an artists job was to give life to that form. Until this goal is accomplished, the Cubist painter has not fully realized his purpose. After his initial Cubist period, Picasso moved through various other stages. He experimented with sculpture and still lifes, and byRead More Love and Self in Kate Chopins The Awakening Essay3484 Words   |  14 Pagesmore importantly, it is a quest for individuality and the meaning of love. Through the protagonist, Edna Pontellier, Chopin describes in her novel one womans journey towards self-consciousness. Several stages of awakenings can be detected on the road, which are discussed in detail, along with the themes of romantic love, possession and an individual self. Darwinian theories are used to some extent to explore the nature of love and the meaning it had for Chopin.    According to Bert Bender,

Overproduction Free Essays

The food service industry (catering industry in British English) encompasses those places, institutions and companies that provide meals eaten away from home. This industry includes restaurants, schools and hospital cafeterias, catering operations, and many other formats, including ‘on-premises’ and ‘off-premises’ caterings (Bharathiar University, 2008). It may involve few processes before the food is ready to be served to the consumer. We will write a custom essay sample on Overproduction or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is important to understand the flow of food through a foodservice system in order to determine the system. Food flows through ten possible processes such as menu planning purchasing, receiving, storing, preparing, cooking, holding, serving, cooling and reheating. But then, not all of these processes applicable for all type of food service system (University of Mississippi, 2008). Hospital food service may practise either one type of the food service system. These are conventional, centralized (commissary), ready-prepared or assembly-serve (Unklesbay et al. 1977). The background of this study is based on hospital food service which practice centralized system. Food production plays a critical role in meeting objectives of the foodservice of the department and satisfying the expectations of customers or patients. This system is responsible for translating the menu into food in the required quantities. The nutrition value, flavors, and appearance of foods are vital tools for restorin g or maintaining the health of patients and in satisfying the needs. Muda is a Japanese word which means waste (Bob Emiliani, 2002). In lean management, it listed seven wastes to be eliminated for quality improvement, cost and speed of any organisations regardless of either it is food producer, car manufacturer or even in the office. Overproduction occurs when more products was produced than is required at that time by customer. Production of large batches is common practice that leads to this muda. Overproduction is considered the worst muda because it hides and/or generates all the others. Overproduction leads to excess inventory, which then requires the expenditure of resources on storage space and preservation, activities that do not benefit the customer (Bob Emiliani, 2002). Study of the trend of customer number is beneficial, in order to minimize overproduction. Just In Time practice or Made-To-Order practise shall be installed in any foodservice provider since food are very susceptible to get spoiled and fresh foods are shorter shelf life. From the past study of overproduction, less researchers associating trend of number of consumer and verproduction. Their main concern are towards overproduction and wastage associated with nutrient deficiency especially in hospital food service industry. According to Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (2010), data captured from the study of trends could be use to target intervention and improvement practice from the perspective of overproduction. After ten years of experience in hospital food service, Besta Corporation S dn Bhd had found that study of trends of in-patients numbers is upmost in order to minimize overproduction. There is a pattern of in-patient number from Monday to Sunday. It depends on when the specialist or referral clinics are operated. The day of operation is different from one hospital to another. It had been found that, when those clinics operated, there is high numbers of admission, and when towards the weekend when clinics are closed, the patient number will drop due to discharge and less admission. If the trend is not properly identified, is certainly causing overproduction of foods in the hospital’s main kitchen. This proposal aims to study the importance of identifying trend of in-patient number and factors affecting to overproduction in outsource food service Ministry of Health (MOH) hospital operated by Besta Corporation Sdn Bhd in Klang Valley. To reflect the variety of trends of in-patient number and understand their implications for overproduction, I had selected three hospitals, which, for confidentiality reasons, I call Hospital 1, 2 and 3. These hospitals practising cook and serve system. Most menu items are prepared primarily from basic ingredients on the day they are to be served. LITERATURE REVIEW According to the 9th Malaysian Plan, approximately 45% of the solid waste collection in Malaysia is from food wastage, as compared to 24% of plastic, and 7% of paper wastage (9th Malaysian Plan, 2006). In food preparation, there are production demands that need to be met with. However, it is almost impossible to meet the exact production demand at all times due to many factors which could not be calculated or determined, hence there will always be overproduction. Overproduction is the production of more food than that is needed for service, which generates extra costs because the salvage of excess food items is not always feasible (Gregoire, MB. , 2010; Flack, KE. , 1959). This, in turn, becomes food wastage, and is deposed of as thrash. Any action performed or product made that is not paid for by a client is waste (Buckner, 2011). This also results in the loss of income, especially for the cost of the food already prepared and yet company has to bear the cost and shrink the bottom line/net profit. Therefore, leftover food must be handled diligently. Some food can be stored by refrigeration, and re-used at a later period, but some food will break down and deteriorate in quality. Due to these circumstances, guidelines with policies and procedures in handling the leftover food are prepared, well defined, and rigorously enforced in the food service sector. However, not all food items can be stored. Therefore, the only way to avoid food wastage and loss of income is to avoid overproduction in the first place. In most food service sectors, the food service managers, or the outlet managers are responsible in calculating and formulating the amount of food to be prepared. Normally, meetings are held with the employees from the production units, and their recommendations are taken into consideration as well, in order to avoid overproduction. They are responsible in keeping production records to document the amount of food prepared, the amount of food served, and the amount leftover and disposed. Using information, future productions can be controlled and reduced. For example, the LeanPath Company has designed a program called ValuWaste (LeanPath, 2009). This program includes the incorporation of their equipments used in the kitchen, as well as weighing the food prepared, food served, and food leftover at the end of each meal. These data are then processed according to an employee recognition program for recognizing reduction in waste efforts. Many other companies have developed their own food waste management programs, and this is definitely a very good way to increase their efficiency, as well as increase profits. Importance of Data and Information Flow The word â€Å"information†, according to Ibaketo et al, (2003), comprises known knowledge, facts and ideas, data (analog or digital) that when given out or received make sense to both the sender and the receiver. The information could be written, spoken, gestured, drawn, coded, and pictorial or signals carried out over the air waves. According to Kalchschmidt, M. , 2007, collecting the information of in-patient number is beneficial, since it allows company to better analyze and understand the demand. He claimed thus collecting a wide range of data allows company to provide functional area with an in-depth demand analysis that may help to reduce uncertainty with regard to future events and define action accordingly. This in turn, can impact on company’s cost thanks. Information is useful to the organization in assisting most forecasting procedures build on the premise. However, many firms do not keep adequate records, nor have they thought through a consistent approach to collect information (Fildes, R. , 2010). The information flow shall be efficient and fast in order to generate accurate forecast. From the literature review, I can conclude that, there is a relationship between data and information and the forecasting process in order to minimize overproduction. Importance of Forecasting Process In literacy sense, forecasting means prediction. According to Kumar, A. , 1998, forecasting may be defined as a technique of translating past experience into prediction of things to come. It tries to evaluate the magnitude and significance of forces that will be affect future operating conditions in an enterprise. Thus, demand forecasting, is an estimate of future demand. Most of the forecasts made in current operation practice in Besta Corporation Sdn Bhd overestimate demand. It is supported by Kumar, A. , 1998 claimed demand forecasting is essential for the old firms and new firms. It is much more important where the firm is engaged in large scale production and there is a long gestation period in production process. In such circumstances, an idea about future demand is necessary to avoid underproduction and overproduction. Therefore it is possible to have a forecast that will provide enough food for all patients to get what they ordered but with an increased wastage or overproduction. There are three lengths of forecasts, which are short-term forecasts, medium-term forecasts and long-term forecasts. From my point of view, the short-term forecast is the most ideal in food service hospital management. It is involve a period up to twelve months. These are useful for determining sales quotas, inventory control, production schedules, budgeting and planning cash flows (Kumar, A. , 1998). Importance of Portion Control Portion control is important throughout food production and meal service. It involves careful menu planning and purchasing procedures, as well as accurate measuring during food production and meal service (Iowa Department of Education, 2011). Controlling the size portions can control food costs (Lendal et al. , 2007). Inconsistent portion size might lead to overproduction, so it is essential to develop proper portioning standards that prevent excessive waste (Karen Malody, 2011). Portion control helps in managing more effectively by reducing waste and leftover of food. Poor portion control causes overproduction. During food preparation, access to ingredients should be authorized and the amounts of ingredients taken should follow meal forecasting. Otherwise, more food ingredients are used for food preparation which leads to overproduction. The book written by Kumar, A. (1998) mentioned about the necessary of forecasting in quantity control. It shows the relationship between forecasting, portion control and overproduction. The other main cause of overproduction is in the ingredient control. Ingredient control is the major component of quality and quantity control in the production subsystem, and a critical dimension of cost control throughout the food service system (Gregoire MB, 2010). The ingredient control is tied closely to the forecasting of the daily food production. In order to remedy this cause of overproduction, there should be a tighter control of the ingredients room, which has been dated to back in the late 1950s (Flack KE, 1959). This will restrict access to the ingredients by the cooks, or kitchen staff, and therefore allowing only the authorized amount of ingredients to be issued. This will not only help control overproduction, but also reduce labour costs, as evidence in Dougherty (1984), where it was shown that in an operation without an ingredient room, production employees spend about a third of their time determining needs, obtaining supplies, and weighing and measuring ingredients. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Although there are many research conducted about overproduction in food service industry, but there are still lack of study on overproduction in relation to trend of consumer number especially pertaining to hospital food service. The aim of the research is to study the trend of in-patient number and how it will contribute to overproduction of meal in outsourced hospital food service operated by Besta Corporation Sdn Bhd as supported by Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (2010). If no further action taken, inaccuracy of forecasting, inefficiency of information flow and inconsistency of portion control prolong and overproduction remain unresolved. Overproduction cause producing waste, increasing of cost and affect the profit earned. Profit is essential for the survival and growth of business enterprise (Shenoy, D. 2011). Therefore, analysing census of in-patient number and data collection of overproduce meal, assist in executing the research. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Main objective: To study the trend of in-patient number in outsourced food service Ministry of Health hospital operated by Besta Corporation Sdn Bhd in Klang Valley. Specific objective: 1. To tabulate the data of time of in-patient meal order s end to kitchen department. 2. To tabulate and analyse the data of in-patient meal orders from Nursing Department in each hospital involve. 3. To measure the number of serving overproduced at the tray line for each main menu item listed in menu cycle after serving time. 4. To identify the difference between the forecasted meal order for production and actual number of serving served for each of the main menu item listed in menu cycle. Inclusion criteria All the normal and therapeutic menu items listed in the three hospital menu cycle. Exclusion Criteria Children menu, vegetarian menu, western menu and any ala carte order will be excluded. Reducing overproduce meal allows organisation to save some money on commodities, labour, energy and disposal costs (LeanPath, 2008). Furthermore, by reducing waste, it helps the environment through reduce significant carbon emission and landfill disposal. According to Fildes et al. (2009), improved demand forecasting accuracy can lead to significant monetary savings, greater competitiveness, enhanced channel relationships and consumer satisfaction. These statement made by the researchers show how important is controlling overproduction in the financial aspect of the organisation. Portion control is one of the essential controls in production of food in quantity (Gregoire, 2010). This is to ensure that all patients receive the same quantity and quality of food, because they are all equal paying customers. In order to ensure this, the first step to be taken is to standardize all serving utensils, like plates, cups, spoons and ladles. These utensils should be then taken into consideration while planning the standardized recipes. Normally, these serving utensils are given their respective numbers, according to their serving capabilities, for example, a level measure of a number 8 disher yields eight servings per quart, with each portion measuring about ? cup (Gregoire, 2010). Therefore, each individual dish must have their own serving utensils, with a proper number, and method of serving. Only then, consistency in food serving and portioning be maintained. Often, instead of numbers, some kitchen also uses colour codes for their serving utensils, which is a method that was developed by Vollrath Company. By doing so, if the portioning requires two cups of rice, the manager can instruct the employee to use the blue ladle to serve the rice (Gregoire, 2010). THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND HYPOTHESIS Dependent variable: Overproduction of in-patient meal Independent variables: 1. Information flow in-patient meal order from Nursing Department 2. Forecasting of in-patient meals order 3. Portion control of in-patient meal at the assembly line Hypothesis: 1. The faster the information flow of the in-patient meal data, the lower possibility of overproduction 2. The larger the different between forecasted in-patient meal order and the actual serving of meal, the bigger number of overproduce meal occur 3. The larger number of left over meal after assembly line, the higher possibility of overproduction RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Generally, there are three types of research designs. For the purpose of this study, descriptive research is selected due to it is designed to obtain data (Hair, 2007). Under the classification of cross-sectional, data are collected at a given point in time and summarized statistically. First is data of in-patient meal order from Dietary System will be collected and tabulated in Microsoft Excel and SPSS in order to identify the trend of the in-patient number. The Dietary System is already in placed in each of these three selected hospitals as the hospitals operated through intranet system or it is called Total Hospital Information System, THIS, namely Hospital 1,2 and 3. Plus the time that the meals order indented to Kitchen Department. Second is collect and tabulate the data of forecasted in-patient meal number using Microsoft Excel and SPSS as well. Third is data collection on number of overproduced in-patient meal through these methods: 1. Visual estimation/counting After finish the serving time at ward level, the total pieces of meat, poultry or fish are counted and recorded. Those items mentioned are pre-cut and can be quantified as one piece. 2. Weighing of food item After finish the serving time at ward level, for those dishes which could not be quantified into pieces or slices such as vegetables, weighing method was used to record the amount remaining. The instruments use in this study is aluminium strainer, digital food weighing scale, and food container, basting spoon, household measuring tool: rice bowl that can contain 200grams of rice. Data Analysis Descriptive statistics is used to obtain understanding of data collected. Data of trend of in-patient number will be presented in histogram, whereas, data of number of overproduced in-patient meal will be presented in bar chart. How to cite Overproduction, Papers

Stakeholder Theory Ethical Management - Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Stakeholder Theory Ethical Management. Answer: Introduction Stakeholders form an essential part of the organization. Their interest has to be taken care of. For this, tools such as stakeholder`s analysis are used. The report throws light on the stakeholder analysis of Royal Ascot with special reference to the Power/ Interest Matrix. A stakeholder can be defined as an individual, organization, social groups or the society, which has a stake in the business or the efficiency of a business. Stakeholders can be from the internal as well as the external environment of the business (Ferretti 2016). A stake can be described as vital interest in the business or the activities. It can vary from ownership and property interests to legal interests and obligations including moral rights Stakeholder analysis in the business domain can be defined as a process of understanding and identifying the impact of a decision on the relevant party. This information comes useful in assessing the interest of the stakeholders and how they should be addressed in the planning, policies, programs and other actions relevant to a business (Bottero Mondini and Datola 2017). Stakeholder analysis forms a primary component of stakeholder management. In a stakeholder analysis, the procedure comprises of balancing, weighing and measuring the various demands placed on the firm by the particular stakeholders having a stake in the particular issue or a problem. In this analysis, the aim is to keep the interests of stakeholders in vision and compensate those who have been affected. The stakeholder`s attitudes can be assessed regularly to track their changes using a stakeholder`s analysis (Mindtools.com 2017). The benefits of this include-Identification of risks and identification of primary stak eholders who affect the business adversely. Stake holders of Royal Ascot Race goers- These are the people who attend the race meetings regularly. Employees- These include the managing staffs who manage the various events that take place at Royal Ascot. Royal Ascot conducts various events like weddings and conferences. Jockey- They is the ones who handle the horses. Their interest is of extreme importance. Caterer- Royal Ascot has appointed a single caterer since 1998 named - Sodexo Prestige. During the races there are 39 kitchens operating for delicacy. Outside vendors or suppliers- There are various suppliers like bars and food outlets around the racecourse who are dependent on the welfare of the events of Royal Ascot (Ascot.co.uk. 2017). Temporary hospitality staff- During the races various staff members are hired on temporary basis for cleaning, catering and maintenance purposes. Sponsors- These are the primary stakeholders who sponsor the event Government entity- Royal Ascot has to abide by certain rules and regulations for ease of functioning Visitors- Visitors include first time visitors, wedding party and other event members The royal family- The royal family opens the race in June every year. They are the primary reason behind the huge crowd. Interest of the Stakeholders of Royal Ascot Race goers-There satisfaction depends on the success and management of the races. Employees- The employees have an internal stake in the success of the company. Their livelihood depends on these events. Jockey-If the jockeys are not pleased, they can spoil the show. Caterer- The caterers would like the maximum crowd pull to increase their sales. Outside vendors or suppliers- The outside vendors, set up food counters and stalls for the people who visit the races. The suppliers tend to provide various equipments required, hence they have a considerable stale in the success of the event Temporary hospitality staff- The temporary staff is present during the peak seasons. They tend to perform tasks when the crowd pull is the highest. There employment depends on the success of the races (Ascot.co.uk. 2017). Sponsors-the sponsors would like to have maximum return for the investment. Government entity- The government aims at the welfare of the people. It requires the law and order to be maintained. Visitors- They is the customers and their needs must be met primarily. The royal family- The royal family is the primary stakeholder. Their name is associated with the brand. Hence, they would want it to be conducted ethically and efficiently. Power/ Interest Matrix When managing a project, the interest of various stakeholders needs to be considered. However, not all stakeholders are equal (Horton and Pilkington 2014). Some stakeholders are more important than others are and need to be dealt with accordingly. In order to understand which stakeholder needs maximum attention, a power/ interest matrix is used. A power/ interest Matrix, also known as Power/ Interest grid, are a management tool, which helps the managers to categorize the stakeholders in order of increasing power and interest in a project. This tool helps the firm to focus on the key stakeholders who can turn a venture into a success or a failure. In simple terms, the matrix helps in stakeholder prioritization (Andriof et al. 2017) The process involves documenting the interest and motivations of the stakeholders, identifying the conflict among the different stakeholders. It also involves identifying the relationship between the stakeholders and determining the level of involvement required from each stakeholder for a particular project. Use of this matrix, the firm can determine the stakeholders who need close management and those who need minimum management. This tool thus, helps the firm in channeling their time and energy on the stakeholders who have the highest interest and most power in the venture`s success. The Power/ Interest Matrix is the second step of the Stakeholder Matrix, where each stakeholder`s contribution and importance is identified and plotted against the matrix ranging from the power to interest (Weiss 2014). The ones with high power and high interest need to be managed closely and the ones with low power and low interest need to be managed with minimum effort. Power/ Matrix Analysis of the stakeholders of Royal Ascot The power/ interest matrix has been done in the excel sheet attached. The kind of influence of each stakeholder has been explained below: Race-goers- They belong to the high power, low interest quadrant. These are cautious stakeholders. They have high power because they are the main customers of the races. Their presence is important to the event. They need to be kept satisfied. Employees- The employees belong to the high power, high interest quadrant. They are the main backbone of the organization and their participation is crucial for the welfare of the events. They need to be managed closely Caterers- They belongs to the high interest, low power quadrant. They have high interest in the welfare of the organization; however, the power is not as high. This group needs to be well informed about the actions and operations. Vendors and suppliers- They belong to the same matrix as the caterers. This group needs to be well informed and their interest stake is high. Temporary staff- They belong to the lowest quadrant as they have low interest and low power. They can be easily replaced and therefore their stake needs to be monitored. Sponsors- They belongs to the most valuable quadrant with high power as well as high interest. They are the source of funds for the events and need to be managed closely for the success of the events as well as the organization. Government entity- They have been placed in the high power but low interest quadrant because their interest in the welfare o the organization is not very high. However, they have adequate power, which is essential (Harrison, Freeman and de Abreu 2015). Visitors- These are the visitors who are not that regular in attending the events, their power is high, but their interest in the events is not adequate. Royal Family- The royal family belongs to the respective quadrant because of their high power in the society, however, their interest in the event is not enough. Jockey- The jockey`s are the key drivers of the event. They are often ignored but must be managed closely. Conclusion Therefore, from the discussion it can be concluded that stakeholder analysis is an important study, which should be undertaken regularly to monitor and understand the needs of the stakeholders. Royal Ascot has various stakeholders, who need to be managed accordingly by making use of the Power/Interest Matrix given. Reference List Andriof, J., Waddock, S., Husted, B. and Rahman, S.S., 2017.Unfolding stakeholder thinking: theory, responsibility and engagement. Routledge Ascot.co.uk. ,2017.Ascot Racecourse | Royal Ascot Horse Racing | Home. [online] Available at: https://www.ascot.co.uk/ [Accessed 17 Nov. 2017]. Bottero, M., Mondini, G. and Datola, G., 2017. Decision-making tools for urban regeneration processes: from Stakeholders Analysis to Stated Preference Methods.Tema. Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment,10(2), pp.193-212. Ferretti, V., 2016. From stakeholders analysis to cognitive mapping and Multi-Attribute Value Theory: An integrated approach for policy support.European Journal of Operational Research,253(2), pp.524-541. Harrison, J.S., Freeman, R.E. and de Abreu, M.C.S., 2015. Stakeholder theory as an ethical approach to effective management: Applying the theory to multiple contexts.Revista Brasileira de Gesto de Negcios,17(55), p.858. Horton, L. and Pilkington, A., 2014. Rolling Back from the Power/interest Matrix: A New Approach for Role Based Stakeholder Engagement in Projects. Mindtools.com ,2017.Stakeholder Analysis: Winning Support for Your Projects. [online] Mindtools.com. Available at: https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newPPM_07.htm [Accessed 17 Nov. 2017]. Weiss, J.W., 2014.Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Gender Studies Gender Stereotypes

Free Essays on Indian

GERONIMO - A Warrior No More Among famous Native American chiefs, Geronimo’s name is synonymous for bloody raids and fierce battles. Although there were no records kept of his birth, he was probably born in 1829 in the mountains of Arizona. His Indian name was Goyahkla [One Who Yawns] and his early years were spent as a typical youth of the Apache tribe. As an adult he married and started a family but when Mexican soldiers killed his wife and children in 1858, he vowed revenge. His ferocious attacks earned him the nickname of â€Å"Geronimo† and his vengeance continued for decades. When the Americans came to the Southwest, they became his new enemy and he fought them until his surrender in 1886. For the next twenty-three years, until his death in 1909, he remained a prisoner-of-war. Geronimo’s life has been the subject of numerous books and a recent movie but they rarely focus on his last decades as a prisoner-of-war of the American Army. When he surrendered in 1886, the Americans promised to eventually return him and his people to their home land. Instead, Geronimo spent the rest of his life in various military camps. He tried to learn the ways of the Americans and he would, in his own way, become a successful businessman. But he would never see his native Arizona again. After Geronimo’s surrender in 1886, the army moved his Apache band to Alabama, where they lived for several years. But the climate of the South, very unlike the mountains and deserts of their native Arizona, was unsuitable for them and in 1894 they were relocated to Fort Sill, Oklahoma. This was considered a positive change because the Apache people had expressed a desire for a drier climate and for land to farm. [Martin, Geronimo, p.151] Geronimo’s arrival in Oklahoma stirred considerable controversy because the stereotype of the â€Å"savage Indian† was still co... Free Essays on Indian Free Essays on Indian GERONIMO - A Warrior No More Among famous Native American chiefs, Geronimo’s name is synonymous for bloody raids and fierce battles. Although there were no records kept of his birth, he was probably born in 1829 in the mountains of Arizona. His Indian name was Goyahkla [One Who Yawns] and his early years were spent as a typical youth of the Apache tribe. As an adult he married and started a family but when Mexican soldiers killed his wife and children in 1858, he vowed revenge. His ferocious attacks earned him the nickname of â€Å"Geronimo† and his vengeance continued for decades. When the Americans came to the Southwest, they became his new enemy and he fought them until his surrender in 1886. For the next twenty-three years, until his death in 1909, he remained a prisoner-of-war. Geronimo’s life has been the subject of numerous books and a recent movie but they rarely focus on his last decades as a prisoner-of-war of the American Army. When he surrendered in 1886, the Americans promised to eventually return him and his people to their home land. Instead, Geronimo spent the rest of his life in various military camps. He tried to learn the ways of the Americans and he would, in his own way, become a successful businessman. But he would never see his native Arizona again. After Geronimo’s surrender in 1886, the army moved his Apache band to Alabama, where they lived for several years. But the climate of the South, very unlike the mountains and deserts of their native Arizona, was unsuitable for them and in 1894 they were relocated to Fort Sill, Oklahoma. This was considered a positive change because the Apache people had expressed a desire for a drier climate and for land to farm. [Martin, Geronimo, p.151] Geronimo’s arrival in Oklahoma stirred considerable controversy because the stereotype of the â€Å"savage Indian† was still co...

DRAMA ; Play review Movie Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

DRAMA ; Play - Movie Review Example There are flower vases in the room, a few paintings on the wall and a beautiful rag on the floor. Reverend Al Sharpton playing himself will wear a white color and an all black suit. Letty Cottin as herself is in an ordinary skirt and blouse attire depicting a modern day American lady. The attire is not Jewish in any way but depicts self preservation. Many audiences view Carmel Cato as a victim. Cato’s costume is but the music in the background angry and the lighting dull and gloomy. Joe Mantegna will play Camel Cato because I think he can express pain with persuasion (Smith 33). The play will derive its theme from the second section where Aaron M. Bernstein distortion both in literature and science in view of the mirror effect. Bernstein’s costume is one of a typical American professor. The costume will encompass a mismatched suit, graying hair, and spectacles for emphasis. Jesse Merz will play Bernstein because of his theatre background and natural ability to act like a learned person. The characters will perform at the center of the stage, surrounded by three mirrors. As the characters frustration and anger rises, the mirrors should close in making them seem restricted. As for lighting, darkness with little illumination on the face will portray frustration, red with shades of green will portray anger, and a hue of grey and beige will portray indifference (Smith 67). Characters that are at peace with themselves and the situation they live in will be under blue and lavender lighting. The mirrors in these scenes will close in slowly with no sound. For angry characters, the mirrors will close in with a lot of angry, loud sounds in the background. For the character Rivkah Siegal, there will be irony of classical white music playing in the background as she talks about how unreal she feels when she wears wigs. Setting the play in an abandoned building creates a sense of timelessness. It also gives the

Reserach paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Reserach paper - Essay Example President Bush takes over leadership from bill Clinton. Economic wise, taxation is the major player in the field. Principles related to the handling and imposing of tax vary between the two presidents. This is exhibited when the change in taxation is implemented by Bush. He introduces lower taxation rates contrary to the bill that had higher taxation system. America prepares to make control over the world as they aspire to be the best in war technology. The establishment of research in the sector of biological toxins as weapons targeting specific people is established. The control of these toxins is also put in check in order to avoid attacks from within. This is father enhanced by restricting the ownership of some transport vessels. These are done through fast legislations. This document relies on research findings and analysis of the changes during 2000-2001 in the US. There are changes that were realised during this period. Among which, the legislations that were directed towards ensuring safety of the Americans after the attack in Yemen. These included restrictions and developments in research sectors. Some changes involved the attack on the terror groups. This was targeted at eliminating the Taliban and al-Qaeda who were the arch enemies of the states. This was the time when elections held, and to some extent, it disputed within states. Bush emerged the winner as Clinton left office. The economy is said to have had a surplus budget then. This was due to the high taxation rate that was imposed by bills administration. Bush, however, lowered the rates after taking over the office. In this same period, the genetic code was cracked. This gave a lime light to a discovery of drugs to treat ailments related to genetic composition of the humans. The other changes that were realised in this period were the development of legislation that restricted ownership of defined commodities. This was as a result of an attack on the naval ship. Measures were

Market overview for elevator products and services

Market overview for elevator products and services Aggregate global demand for elevator / escalator products and services is projected to increase 5.6% per year through 2009 to more than $20 billion. Fueling gains will be economic recovery and expansion in the mature markets of the developed world, coupled with ongoing industrialization among the less advanced countries of Asia. The world elevator market rose at a relatively healthy pace throughout most of the 1990s in a generally sanguine global macroeconomic climate. Basically strong economic growth in developing countries was briefly interrupted in 1997-1998 by a financial crisis engulfing many East Asian and Latin Americans nations, as well as Russia. Fallout form the crisis continued to adversely impact the elevator market into 1999 and 2000, as trends in the elevator market tend to lag developments in the macro economy by a few years. Subsequently, as the emerging market began to recover, growth in Western Eur0pe and North America was depressed in the wake of the global economic slowdown precipitated in the US, although by 2004 a recovery was apparent in most markets. In the developed world, gains will reflect an expected recovery in office construction, as vacancy rates come down in major global financial centers such as Tokyo and London. Over the long term, development of the residential sector, especially in the largely untapped US market where single-family homes predominate, will also create opportunities, supported by again populations and regulations such as the Americans with Disabilities Act. In Europe, adoption of new EU-wide safety regulations for existing lifts will bolster the modernization/upgrade service segment. The fastest growth is anticipated in the worlds developing regions Asia, Latin America, Eastern Europe, Africa and the Middle East. In developing countries, market expansion will reflect increased urbanization, as virtually all structures in large third-world cities require elevators. Aftermarket services are also not well established, even in more developed countries such as South Korea and hence offer a sizable potential market which major global suppliers such as OTIS are actively working to develop. China, which has already emerged as the largest global elevator market in unit terms, will continue to log explosive gains, with the genesis of a lucrative service aftermarket bolstering the robust OEM business. Almost half of the increase in passenger and freight elevator unit sales will be attributable to China, where per capita elevator use remains less than 10% of that typical of Western Europe. TABLE III 1 WORLD ELEVATOR MARKET BY REGION (billion dollars) Item 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 World Urban Population (mil persons) 2516 2811 3119 3443 3790 Bldg. Construct Expend (bil 2000$) 2900 3324 4254 5270 6661 $ elevator/urban capita 10 11 12 15 17 $ elevators/000$ construct 8.6 9.0 9.1 9.6 9.9 World Elevator Market 24.9 30.0 38.5 50.5 66.2 North America : 4.0 5.0 5.8 7.4 8.9 United States 3.6 4.5 5.1 6.5 7.8 Canada Mexico 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.1 Western Europe : 11.7 13.8 16.1 19.3 23.0 Asia/Pacific : 6.5 8.0 12.4 18.4 27.0 China 0.9 1.2 3.5 6.9 12.3 Japan 4.5 5.3 6.4 7.9 9.5 India 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.7 2.5 Other Asia/Pacific 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.9 2.7 Other Regions : 2.7 3.2 4.2 5.5 7.4 Latin America 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.9 2.5 Eastern Europe 1.2 1.4 1.8 2.3 3.0 Africa/Midest 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.3 1.9 Source : The Freedonia Group, Inc. CHART III 1 WORLD ELEVATOR MARKET BY REGION, 2009 ($50.5 billion) Source : The Freedonia Group, Inc. 3.1.1 Regional Profile Given the modernized economies, well-developed industrial and commercial sectors, prosperous consumer populations and highly evolved building/nonbuilding construction infrastructures in place throughout the developed world, most OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development) countries maintain large markets for elevator/escalator products and services relative to population and size of the economy. These include the US, Western Europe, Japan (the largest global market in value terms, reflecting the countrys aged, urban population and stringent safety standards) and Australia and New Zealand. The nations of Eastern Europe, especially Russia and certain of the other more industrialized states of the former Soviet Union, also comprise markets of some significance, but they tend to be much smaller in both absolute and relative terms than those of the major Western countries. However, the fastest growing markets for elevator products and services are typically found within the developing regions, especially Asia and to a lesser extent Latin America and Africa/Mideast as well. As numerous countries within these regions work to industrialize their economies, they are facing rising infrastructure expansion and modernization requirements, which has led to extensive building construction activity. Another key aspect of the industrialization process in most countries is increasing urbanization, as individuals and households migrate from rural areas to cities to participate in the growing economic opportunities available there. Such dynamics are positively correlated to the development of markets for construction-related products like elevator systems; moreover, as the number of systems installed increases, markets for related maintenance/repair and eventually modernization, services tend to emerge as a matter of course. 3.1.2 Multinational Parameters Trade Flows Like most industries, the elevator business has become increasingly international in scope in recent decades. The physical nature of elevator / escalator system largely, bulky, involving numerous component parts, etc., renders them not easily transportable. In addition, elevator manufacturers often prefer to have local manufacturing capacity, which allows them to better satisfy local requirements (e.g., regulations and standards) and cultivate lucrative aftermarket service relationships. As such, foreign trade per se is not as extensive in the industry as in most durable goods manufacturing businesses. Foreign trade is some what more prevalent in the replacement parts and components segments of the business. However, multinational investment on part of the leading producers (and even a few of the mid-sized and smaller ones) is extremely prevalent. This takes the form of direct ownership of overseas based subsidiaries, manufacturing facilities and other assets and after sales servicing and technical support networks. Moreover, in recent years there has been an effort on the part of major producers such as OTIS and KONE to consolidate their global operations and shift production capacity to lower cost venues in the developing world, which has increased the importance of cross-border trade. As the global elevator industry continues to restructure and consolidate, the home base of operations of the major players is becoming increasingly less relevant to the competitive dynamics of the business, with a handful of multinational companies dominating the business in most geographic areas especially with respect to product manufacturing. The service segment remains considerably most fragmented, but it too is consolidating rapidly. As global companies manufacturer and install their systems in given countries, they have a direct incentive to invest in after sales servicing networks in these countries as well, which is also prompting consolidation in the service segment of the business. Such dynamics are expected to become more rather than less pronounced going forward, as the economics of the business favor large companies with a multinational reach. 3.2 Demand by Product Service Elevators, escalators and related products are used to physically move individuals, freight and sometimes other items from one place to another within a building, facility or some other designated place. The movement occurs either vertically (in the case of elevating and lifting equipment), at an incline (escalators) or horizontally (moving walkways). Elevators and escalators are thus integral components of many types of structures, especially those with multiple floors or levels and/or involving an extensive amount of physical space. Aggregate world demand for elevator products and services is projected to increase 5.6% per year through 2009 to more than $50 billion, an improvement from the 1994-2004 pace. Fueling gains will be an upswing in new system installations, accompanying expected recovery in nonresidential building activity in Japan, Western Europe and the Americas. This will help to offset some slowing in residential building construction, which is an important indicator of elevator demand outside of North America . Preventing faster gains especially on the products die is the high degree of maturity of the elevator / escalator market in the developed world, which has prompted leading vendors to target high growth markets in the Pacific Rim and other developing areas which hold the greatest potential for incremental increases in new installations going forward. Also fueling growth will be technological innovations in letter generation system including microprocessor based controls and sensors, remote monitoring, automated performance and generate further demand, at both the new installation and modernization/upgrade ends of the business. In addition, retrofits to comply with changing building codes and federal mandates will rejuvenate the upgrade/modernization services market, especially in North America and Western Europe. TABLE III 2 WORLD ELEVATOR EQUIPMENT SERVICE MARKET (billion dollars) Item 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 Bldg Construct Expend (bil 2000$) 2900 3324 4254 5270 6661 $ elevators/000$ construction 8.6 9.0 9.1 9.6 10.0 World Elevator Market 24.9 30.0 38.5 50.6 66.3 Equipment : 8.8 10.9 15.0 21.2 29.5 Passenger Freight 6.2 7.5 10.2 14.1 19.0 Escalators Moving Walkways 0.8 1.0 1.6 2.6 4.0 Parts Other 1.8 2.4 3.2 4.6 6.6 Services : 16.1 19.1 23.5 29.3 36.8 Installation 2.6 3.2 4.1 5.5 7.3 Modernization Repair 13.4 16.0 19.4 23.8 29.5 Source : The Freedonia Group, Inc CHART III-2 WORLD ELEVATOR EQUIPMENT SERVICE MARKET, 1994-2014 (billion dollars) Source : The Freedonia Group, Inc. 3.2.1 Equipment World demand for elevator and escalator products totaled $15 billion in 2004 billion in 2004, accounting for approximately 40% of the total elevator/escalator market. For present purposes, elevator products are defined to include passenger and freight elevators and associated products. Demand is projected to post a 7.1% per annum increase through 2009 to $21.2 billion. Growth will stem from improving cyclical dynamics, in particular a revival in nonresidential construction spending especially in the key office/commercial/lodging and industrial building sectors. Gains will be best for machine room less (MRL) elevators, which will benefit from expansion of the global retail and (especially) transportation sectors. 3.2.2 Passenger Freight Elevators Global demand for passenger and freight elevators is projected to rise 5.7% per annum through 2009 to almost 4,40,000 units, of which over 60% will be the newer machine room less (MRL) type. Along with improving cyclical dynamics and continued secular growth in the developing world, gains will be fueled by increased penetration of less traditional market segments, such as single-family residences. The latter is a key consideration in North America, where single family housing is more prevalent than in Europe and Asia. Even in the latter regions, however, again of the population will create opportunities in the residential segment, as elevators are increasingly designed into low-rise buildings which would previously have relied exclusively on staircases. As a result, the installed base will expand from 7.4 million units in 2004 to 9.2 million in 2009. In value terms, demand for passenger and freight elevators will grow 6.6% per year to $14 billion in 2009. While intense global competition and greater reliance on low footprint units will hold down cost increases, higher fuel and energy costs and the expanding technical complexity of latter generation elevator system, which can be priced at a premium relative to earlier designs, will contribute to price inflation. Passenger and freight elevators, as the name implies, are general purpose lifting systems designed to vertically transport individuals and commodities between different floors or levels within a single building or facility. From a technological standpoint, essentially all modern passenger and freight elevators are either the hydraulic (powered by pressurized liquid) or traction (electric powered) type; the latter can be either geared or gearless. Hydraulic came into prominence during the 1950sm surpassing the geared market which was prominent prior to that time and remain the dominant type in the US. Traditional traction elevators remain in broader use in Europe and Asia, although in Europe they have been widely supplanted by MRLs since the mid 1990s. The newer MRL elevator types incorporate the gears and control into the elevator shaft, rather than a separate machine room, and hence provide greater design flexibility, as well as energy and (in some cases) cost savings. MRLs have made significant inroads in Western Europe and will continue to penetrate North America, Asia and other regions. Moreover, while initially suited only for buildings upto 7 stories, MRLs have not been adapted for use upto about 25 stories, substantially broadening the potential market. TABLE III 3 WORLD PASSENGER FREIGHT ELEVATOR MARKET (million dollars) Item 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 World Elevator Market 24893 30015 38536 50550 66300 % Passenger Freight 24.8 25.1 26.5 27.8 28.6 Passenger/Freight Elevator Market 6175 7532 10220 14050 18950 North America : 665 977 1160 1700 2100 United States 585 873 1000 1480 1800 Canada Mexico 80 104 160 220 300 Western Europe 2155 2645 3125 3940 4850 Asia/Pacific : 2575 2975 4660 6650 9525 China 425 550 1600 2800 4700 Japan 1650 1800 2000 2325 2700 India 220 305 470 745 950 Other Asia/Pacific : 280 320 590 780 1175 Other Regions : 780 935 1275 1760 2475 Latin America 305 360 450 615 840 Eastern Europe 265 275 425 595 825 Africa/Midest 210 300 400 550 810 000$/Unit 31.8 33.0 30.8 32.0 33.0 P/F Elevator Market (000 Units) 194 228 332 439 575 Machine Room 194 203 232 164 100 Machine Room Less 25 100 275 475 % New 3.8 3.8 4.5 4.8 4.9 P/F Elev. Installed Base (000 Units) 5120 6035 7355 9220 11700 Source : The Freedonia Group, Inc. Elevator related service revenues are generated when new systems are installed and then subsequently as installed systems are repaired and maintained over their useful lives. Major renovations or upgrades on existing systems are oftern undertaken as well; for present purposes this type of activity is classified under repair/modernization. Not surprisingly given their much larger installed base, elevating/lifting systems account for a substantially higher share of the total service market than escalators and moving walkways, in both the new installation and repair/modernization segments. TABLE III 4 WORLD ELEVATOR SERVICE MARKET BY TYPE (billion dollars) Item 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 World Elevator Market 24893 30015 38536 50550 66300 % Services 64.6 63.7 61.0 58.0 55.5 Elevator Service Market 16.1 19.1 23.5 29.3 36.8 Installation 2.6 3.2 4.1 5.5 7.3 Repair Modernization 13.4 16.0 19.4 23.8 29.5 Repair Maintenance 11.6 13.5 15.8 18.3 21.0 Modernization/Upgrade 1.8 2.5 3.6 5.5 8.5 Source : The Freedonia Group, Inc. 3.2.3 Installation World revenues generated from the installation of new elevator/escalators systems are projected to increase 6.1% per year through 2009 to $5.5 billion. Installation revenues will grow somewhat more slowly than will new elevator and escalator equipment demand. This reflects the fact that elevator/escalator vendors have been working aggressively in recent years to lower the installation costs of their system, in orde3r to increase new business volume. TABLE III 5 WORLD ELEVATOR INSTALLATION REVENUES BY REGION (million dollars) Item 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 World Elevator Service Market 16079 19118 23491 29300 36800 % Installations 16.5 16.5 17.4 18.8 19.7 Installation Revenues 2650 3153 4087 5500 7245 North America : 372 484 530 735 880 United States 338 440 464 650 765 Canada Mexico 34 44 66 85 115 Western Europe 963 1162 1350 1670 2020 Asia/Pacific : 1093 1236 1831 2570 3600 China 144 188 563 1025 1725 Japan 752 804 872 990 1120 India 87 126 168 255 345 Other Asia/Pacific : 110 128 228 300 410 Other Regions : 222 271 376 525 745 Latin America 81 97 123 170 235 Eastern Europe 80 86 134 190 265 Africa/Midest 61 88 119 165 245 Source : The Freedonia Group, Inc. 3.2.4 Repair Modernization Revenues derived from the provision of repair, maintenance and upgrade/modernization services on existing elevator/escalator system are projected to increase 4.2% per annum through 2009 to $23.8 billion, which compares favorably to longer term historical norms. Repair and maintenance revenues will expand just 3.0% per annum to $18.3 billion in 2009, trailing all other product and service segments. In much of the developing world, maintenance spending is perceived as an unaffordable luxury; building owners and managers tend to wait for an elevator to fail before they will invest in maintenance/repair. However, there is evidence that this is beginning to change as major Western and Japanese elevator companies work to educate their equipment customers about the importance of routine servicing. Service requirements tend to be highest in Japan, where for cultural reasons elevator failures are considered to be unacceptable. As in case of elevator and escalator systems themselves, the provision of related repair/maintenance services has benefited significantly in recent years from the application of a advanced technology. What has become especially prominent of late are computer based monitoring tools that can detect system faults (or even potential faults) and alert service technicians immediately. Repair/maintenance services can be performed on a contract basis, or on an as needed service call basis for building owners and other operators that do not maintain contracts. In addition, there is considerable potential for business activity on the modernization upgrade side of this market, in terms of retrofitting existing systems to be compatible with new building codes, the Americans with Disability Act (in the US), the safety Norm for Existing Lifts 9SNEL-in Western Europe) and other mandates. A number of the leading elevator vendors have in recent years launched modernization packages designed specifically to comply with the requirements of these mandates. Examples include Schindlers SCHINDLER 6200 and KONEs MAXISPACE. The latter allows users to replace a 4 passenger car with a 6 or even 8 passenger lift. More generally, numerous building owners will want to upgrade existing elevator/escalator systems to incorporate the latest technological advances along such parameters as improved safety and enhanced performance and energy efficiency characteristics, and this will provide further momentum to the repair/modernization service market overall. Modernization revenues are forecast to rise 8.8% annually through 2009 to $5.5 billion, making this the fastest growing segment of the elevator business. Modernization projects can range from replacing controls and interior fittings, to installing new doors or other structural components, to incorporating advanced electronics based sensors and monitoring tools, to complete renovations of entire elevator cabs or replacement of escalator stairs. TABLE III 6 WORLD ELEVATOR REPAIR MODERNIZATION REVENUES BY REGION (million dollars) Item 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 World Elevator Service Market 16079 19118 23491 29300 36800 % Repair Modernization 83.5 83.5 82.6 81.2 80.0 Repair Modernization 13429 15965 19404 23800 29450 North America : 2518 2981 3529 4190 5025 United States 2217 2646 3145 3735 4485 Canada Mexico 301 335 384 455 540 Western Europe 7731 8918 10355 12115 14240 Asia/Pacific : 1848 2492 3609 5110 7165 China 55 110 270 645 1350 Japan 1516 1957 2664 3430 4275 India 42 95 210 410 745 Other Asia/Pacific : 235 330 465 625 795 Other Regions : 1332 1574 1911 2385 3020 Latin America 472 554 688 865 1095 Eastern Europe 742 852 983 1180 1445 Africa/Midest 118 168 240 340 480 Source : The Freedonia Group, Inc. 3.3 Demand by Market Elevator related products and services are utilized in a broad array of buildings and facilities featuring multiple floors or levels, as well as in certain single-floor and even non-building type settings. Large, well-trafficked facilities with multiple levels office buildings, institutions such as hospitals and schools, department stores and other retail establishments, hotels and motels, factories and warehouses, etc., tend to be the most intensive users of elevator products and services.

Prose Coursework Great Expectations Essay

The opening three chapters of Charles Dickens’ novel Great Expectations are effective as they grab the reader’s attention and keep them interested wanting to read more. This is what every author strives to do at the beginning of a novel. Charles Dickens’ does this by creating effects by using a variety of methods. The methods include vivid descriptions of characters, settings and the weather. Other methods include selected use of language to create atmosphere and mood. Alliteration and repetition are used as well as cliff hangers to create suspense at the end of chapters. Pip, an orphan being raised by his sister and her husband, encounters a frightening man in the village graveyard. The man, a convict who escaped from a prison ship, scares Pip into stealing him some food and a file to grind away his leg shackle. Mrs. Joe, Pip’s sister beats him around but her husband is a kind man and Pip is expected to follow into his line of work as a blacksmith. Pip gets invited to the house of a rich woman, Miss Havisham is an old woman who was abandoned on her wedding day making her give up on life. She has an adopted daughter named Estella, Pip’s childhood crush which later becomes love. Pip visits Miss Havisham regularly until she tells him his apprenticeship with Joe must begin and never to return. Pip is miserable with his becoming a blacksmith and worries Estella would find him â€Å"common†. Biddy, a young girl comes to care for Mrs Joe who was attacked and became severely disabled. Pip settles into normal life until he is approached by a lawyer who reveals strange news: Pip has inherited a lot of money from an anonymous benefactor, who Pip thinks is Miss Havisham who desires him to marry Estella, and must leave for London immediately, to become a gentleman. In London Pip becomes friends with a boy named Herbert Pocket. Pip spends many years in London and remains ashamed of Joe as they grow apart. One stormy night learns the true identity of is benefactor, but a criminal, Magwitch; who Pip fed in the churchyard many years ago. Magwitch gave pip the money as a show of gratitude and also as he believes Pip reminds of his own child presumed dead. Magwitch wants to spend more time with Pip, but as he is still a wanted criminal who faces being hung when caught. Herbert and Pip make a plan for them (Pip and Magwitch) to leave the country by rowing down the river and catching a streamer bound for Europe Magwitch’s old criminal enemy Compeyson follows them. Compeyson is the man who abandoned Miss Havisham at the altar. Just before Pip flees the country with Magwitch he pays one last visit to Miss Havisham and finds her filled with regret wanting his forgiveness. She gets a little too close to the fire and ends up in flames, Pip rescues her but she ends up dying from her severe burns. Magwitch gets caught after trying to escape with Pip as he is told on by Compeyson. Compeyson and Magwitch fight and Compeyson dies, and Magwitch, badly injured is taken to jail. Pip discovers Magwitch is Estella’s father and tells him so before he dies. With no money Pip goes into business with Herbert. Joe and Biddy are happily married and have a child named after Pip. Pip visits Miss Havisham’s house one more time and finds Estella who wants Pip to accept her as a fried. When the novel ends it appears that Pip and Estella will finally end up together. Chapter one is an effective opening chapter as the readers are made to feel sympathy for the main character Pip. As Pip is the narrator he introduces himself by telling us his name â€Å"†¦my infant tongue could make of both names nothing longer or more explicit than Pip.† Through this the reader senses Pip’s vulnerability through his inability to pronounce his own name Philip Pirrip. The narrator is also made to feel sympathetic towards Pip as he is an orphan â€Å"†¦Philip Pirrip late of this parish, and also Georgiana wife of the above were dead and buried†¦Ã¢â‚¬  His loneliness and pity is further emphasised when the names of his dead brothers and sisters are list , in giving them names Charles Dickens’ makes them feel more realistic and in a way more alive. As this novel is set in the 1800’s it reinforces the high rate of infant mortality. Pip’s plight is also emphasised by the descriptions of his parents, â€Å"†¦The shape of the letters on my father’s gave me the odd idea that he was a square, stout, dark man†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This may create sympathy as the Pip has to draw conclusions about his parents from their graves. All this sympathy and methods used to create sympathy for Pip are effective as the reader may want to read on to find out if Pip’s life improves later in the novel. Dickens’ also keeps the readers interest by effectively describing the setting. Great Expectations was written at a time when the gothic genre was very popular. This was probably the reason why the setting is described with gothic features e.g.: dark. The example of gothic genre in chapter one is the graveyard. â€Å"Bleak place overgrown with nettles†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The setting is described in long complex sentences to give more detailed imagery. The imagery is used to describe the setting as quite an eerie place â€Å"†¦savage lair†¦dark, flat wilderness†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This conveys how scared Pip must feel and sets the mood and atmosphere as something fearful to be awaited. This puts the audience on edge and makes them want to carry on reading to find out exactly what will happen. Dickens’ also uses pathetic fallacy to emphasise Pips emotional states. It also prepares the reader for the dangers ahead. The introduction of the convict (later known as Magwitch) is also effective as the reader wants to know more about this violent character. The way the character is introduced is in a very dramatical way â€Å"†¦started up from among the graves†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He is introduced by him shouting orders at Pip â€Å"Hold your noise† this makes him sound violent from the outset. The way his speech is written makes him sound uneducated and from a working class background â€Å"†¦pint out the place†¦Ã¢â‚¬  All of the convict’s speech is written in short sharp sentences and nearly always in the form of orders. Dickens’ may have done this to portray the character as someone to be feared which in turn may cause the reader to feel more sympathy for Pip as he has to take orders from the convict. The description given on the convict includes verbs such as â€Å"†¦soaked †¦ smothered†¦ lamed†¦ cut†¦ stung†¦ limped†¦ shivered†¦ glared†¦ growled†¦seized† are used. The verbs are all negative verbs may have been used to show that the convict has escaped from somewhere and is acting in sheer desperation. In a way the verbs and description may also lead to the reader feeling sympathy for the convict after all his been through.

Company G 3 Year Marketing Plan Essay

Company G develops products that improve the lives of consumers with innovative electronic technology and reliable build quality. We believe that our new Radio CD recorder does just that, it improves the lives of our consumers and gives them a product they can rely on because of our product build quality. Our product is a solution for consumers who would enjoy the convenience of having their favorite radio programming at their disposal. This sample-marketing plan demonstrates the strategies employed to place our new product in position to reach our profit potential. Company G provides consumers with not only reliable appliances but appliances that are cutting edge in design. Our company keeps an eco-friendly attitude in mind during the process of producing our products so that waste is eliminated. Solutions have been utilized to reduce maintenance costs, equipment costs and other costs associated with producing our products. Mission Statement â€Å"We enable consumers to improve the quality and convenience of their lives by providing innovative electronics solution.† The Product The features of the Radio CD recorder include a CD player, radio, CD quality radio recording, small to medium build design for portability, strong light weight construction for portability, timer radio recording for use while away from home, a quality antenna for radio signal strength, five hour rechargeable lithium ion batteries for ease of portability, power cord for home use, a USB outlet for all mp3 device compatibility, and easy to operate controls that can all be done from a wireless remote control. These features give consumers the freedom and convenience to use our product in a variety of ways. Build quality of our product surpasses all that is currently in the market and improves the overall radio experience for consumers. Consumer Product Classification Our consumer product classification falls under a shopping product. Consumers will buy our product only after comparing other radio products price, quality, color, and style. Consumers have limited information as it relates to our product and will gather information during the buying process. Our product can also be seen as homogenous, as there is an array of other radios on the market. Target Market Our focus is on Caucasian female college students between the ages of 18 to 25. Majority of our consumers will be working part time jobs and have incomes ranging of $15 to $25K annually. Most of our consumers will be living on a college campus or apartment, and room mating with friends and or living at home with parents. We will market to tech savvy female college students that look for value in their limited amount of spending on electronic products. Also, our consumers will be music lovers that enjoy listening to the radio during studying and leisure time. The consumers purchasing our product will have a limited amount of space for many different products and will be looking for a product that can combine many of their other products all in one. Competitive Situation Analysis Analysis of Competition using Porter’s 5 Forces Model Competitive Rivalry: According to the amount of products available, rivalry intensity is high. What makes for a high intensity of rivalry includes competitors aggressively targeting each other’s markets and aggressively pricing products. Also, competitors are of equal size and market share and industry growth is slow. Lastly, industries fixed costs are high which creates intense competitive rivalry. Threat from New Entrants: Threats from new entrants are low. Reason being is because of significant upfront capital investments required to start this kind of business. Low barriers of entry are also evident by limited access to proprietary technology and proprietary production material inputs. Furthermore, distribution channels are difficult to access, which also causes low barriers to entry. The Internet has very little impact because of high technology development cost and high manufacturing costs. Threat from Buyers: In researching, buyer power has shown to be low with our product because buyer bargaining power is low. Sellers are concentrated compared to buyers and there are few sellers with many buyers, which makes buyer power low. Furthermore, consumer switching costs are relatively high and buyers would not easily be able to produce our products themselves, further supporting that the threat from buyers is low. The Internet can have an impact should buyers ban together on social networking sites to demand discounts. Threat from Suppliers: Threats from suppliers are high. The new technology that has gone in to producing our new product has been developed and is not mass-produced. Suppliers are few and buyers are many. Suppliers can also forward integrate and begin to produce our product themselves. This will impact how our company will be able to continue delivering our product at a reasonable price because suppliers can use the Internet to sell directly to online shoppers. This will have an impact not only on product price but also our distribution and marketing process. Threat from Substitutes: The threat of substitute products in the market is high. Consumers have the option of purchasing similar radios that record on cassette tapes with low switching costs. Also, the cassette radio recorders are cheaper than our product, which also makes a high threat substitute. But, when it comes to quality of both our product and the substitute product the threat of the substitute is low because our product is of higher quality. Before our product, consumers’ only option to record their radio shows or songs would have been to manually record on cassette radios. The Internet allows fewer barriers for substitute cassette radios to be sold online for less money than our product. SWOT Analysis SWOT is useful technique for understanding Company G’s strengths and weaknesses, and for identifying both opportunities open to the company and threats the company faces. What makes SWOT so important is that it can help bring to light opportunities that can be utilized as an advantage. Also, by understanding the weaknesses of our company, we can be ready to take care of and fix potential problems before they happen. Strengths – Our engineers and designers who develop our innovative products is our first strength. This is one of our core competency’s that gives our company a unique advantage over other companies. We can market how we employ the best and most qualified workers, which brings value and quality to the consumer. – An excellent relationship with current suppliers is our second core competency strength. These relationships have been built over time and are difficult to replicate. This gives us an advantage in that we can make our products available with few delays. – Efficient production process is our last strength that allows us to minimize waste in producing our products. We can market our product as being eco-friendly by minimizing waste in the environment. Furthermore, our products are readily available for restock as needed at any time should demand increase. With our products having an efficient production process they can be made with high quality, fr ee of defects. Weaknesses – Target market consists of college students that don’t typically have much money. Our typical target market will be part time working college students. This target market has yet to start their professional career and have a myriad of costs as they try to earn their degrees. Their costs may just be too high to warrant another electronic purchase. – Consumers may be reluctant to change from their lower priced radio cassette recorders to our new higher priced radio CD recorders. Consumers don’t like change, and if they have a radio that have some of the features our product has, they may elect to save money and stay with their old product. – There are a multitude of substitutes in the market that do very similar things to our product. Having consumers understand and feel a need to have an all in one product that has a combination of features that other substitute products have will prove to be difficult. Opportunities – Our product will be the first on the market that offers a CD recorder and recorder timer in an all in one system. There is no other small appliance exactly like our product and we may have an opportunity to change the way we all use radios. – The music related electronic device market is currently a hot trend. Many other electronics that combine phones with music players are dominating the market. Our product has an opportunity to capture a big piece of the market share by combining radios with new CD recording technology. – We can make radios relevant again in the twenty first century. Radios have been around for decades and have become somewhat obsolete to newer alternatives like mp3 devices. Their is an opportunity to offer a product that we all have utilized and make it a viable option for today’s tech savvy consumer and change the way they live. Threats – A potential lawsuit from music companies and artists for copyright infringement is a major threat. Our product will allow consumers to easily record copyrighted music to CD where they can than distribute the music online. This could potentially bring legal trouble to Company G. – Other established companies could not only develop similar products but also even better technology in the future. Competing companies can allow us to take all the risk in bringing our new product to market and if it does well, they can than reproduce something very similar and threaten our market share. – Copyright laws in the future may change, no longer allowing radio recording. The laws are constantly evolving, especially when it comes to the area of music recording. There is a lot of grey area when it comes to recording from the radio and our product could be the catalyst used to bring tougher restrictions on radio recording, making our product illegal to produce or own. Market Objectives Product Objective – Inform target audience about the value our product brings with the list of features and benefits that lead to a 10 percent gain in the small appliance radio market in one year. Price objective – Pricing range will be $79.99 to start for the first six months in order to attract consumers and gain market share. After six months price will move to $99.99. Place objective – Distribution channel length will be short. Distribution will move from producer to wholesaler to retailer to consumer. Wholesaler will warehouse products in various locations, to keep up with supply and demand as needed. Orders will be palletized and ready for shipment with in 30 minutes of each order placed. All products will be out fitted with radio-frequency identification for tracking and monitoring of our products every six months. Promotion objective – Increase product sales and new product awareness among target audience by 25 percent in the first year of product release. Bringing together this marketing mix gives our product the best possible chance to be successful. Showing our target audience the value in our products through price and features will be key in our consumers purchasing our product. Furthermore, by utilizing our introductory low price and taking advantage of short channel length will insure that our product not only attracts the attention of our target market but also allows our consumer to have easy access to our products. Lastly, the objectives we have set to increase sales and product awareness will insure that our product is known among the market and is a success. Marketing Strategies Company G’s market strategy will include the four elements of the marketing mix which includes product, price, place and promotion strategies. Each element will include three strategies each with a brief description. Product Strategies – Quality as a product strategy will be used in order to win repeat customers in the future. Consumers are frustrated with products that simply do not work or last. By giving our target market an item that is made with quality, our consumers will be more willing to purchase another item in the future and it will overall improve their life. – Development of product lines is our second strategy. The purpose of including a product line strategy is to grow the company’s position in the market place. Also, it allows for even more opportunities for more consumers to purchase our products by having specific needs met for different consumers. – Product design is our third and final strategy. Shopping products are an important factor in that they need to appeal to a consumer’s image. This will allow the product to be more attractive to the consumer and easier to purchase. Having an item aesthetically pleasing will likely be used more and noticed more amongst other products in the department store and at home. Price Strategies – Cost plus pricing strategy will be used to insure that products are sold with a profit. That way no matter whether we mark up or mark down our prices we will make sure to prevent financial losses on our products. – Penetration pricing strategy will be utilized in order to attract customers and gain market share. Penetration pricing will be in affect for the first six months of our initial product offering. – Psychological pricing will be used to have a positive psychological impact on consumers when purchasing. Consumers are more willing to purchase when they feel they are getting a good deal or value for their purchase. Place Strategies – Producer to wholesaler to retailer to consumer will be how we bring our product to consumers. This traditional channel is a simple but cost effective way of providing goods to our consumer in a quick and efficient manner. – Using a wholesaler is the second strategy. This would allow wholesalers to take responsibility of distributing goods to retailers and distributors. By placing multiple wholesalers in strategic areas we will be able to have our product available should demand rise at any time. – Intensive distribution is our third and final place strategy. Using an intensive distribution strategy will allow us to distribute our products through all available channels in order for consumers to purchase our products anywhere. This makes it convenient for consumers to purchase our products.